Research on the Core Bottleneck Analysis and Strategic Paths for Beijing to Build a Global Important Source of Scientific Innovation is written by the Capital Institute of Science and Technology Development Strategy. In terms of theory and index construction, the report puts forward the "Four Capacities and One Foundation" strategic development system for Beijing to build a source of scientific innovation, and systematically constructs a dynamic monitoring system including 5 first-level dimensions and 31 third-level indicators. At the level of problems and paths, the research analyzes the deep-seated institutional and mechanism bottlenecks faced by Beijing in six aspects: the influence of original innovation achievements, the investment and financing ecosystem, the construction of high-energy-level platforms, the dual dilemma of talent introduction and retention, the industrial transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements, and international scientific and technological governance. In response to the challenges, it systematically puts forward seven core tasks, including strengthening the systematic deployment of basic research, building a long-term diversified and stable investment mechanism, and improving the whole chain of talent introduction, cultivation, utilization and retention. This achievement provides a path scheme for Beijing to build a global important source of scientific innovation during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.